Blood consent with a Jehovah's Witness before major surgery
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Mrs. Grace Mensah is a 57-year-old woman, 70 kg, scheduled in three weeks for an open resection of part of her liver for a single colorectal metastasis. The surgeon expects blood loss of 800–1,500 mL. She is a Jehovah's Witness and has capacity. Her hemoglobin was 12.1 g/dL last month; she has started intravenous iron. She carries a signed card refusing blood but has not yet discussed specific products or techniques with anyone. You are seeing her alone in the preoperative clinic; her husband is in the waiting room. The history and physical are complete. Do not repeat them, and do not discuss the general anesthetic.
Your task: discuss which blood products and blood-conservation techniques she will accept, and confirm her decisions.